Preview: ssh-copy-id
Size: 13.84 KB
/bin/ssh-copy-id
#!/usr/bin/sh
# Copyright (c) 1999-2024 Philip Hands <phil@hands.com>
# 2021 Carlos Rodríguez Gili <carlos.rodriguez-gili@upc.edu>
# 2020 Matthias Blümel <blaimi@blaimi.de>
# 2017 Sebastien Boyron <seb@boyron.eu>
# 2013 Martin Kletzander <mkletzan@redhat.com>
# 2010 Adeodato =?iso-8859-1?Q?Sim=F3?= <asp16@alu.ua.es>
# 2010 Eric Moret <eric.moret@gmail.com>
# 2009 Xr <xr@i-jeuxvideo.com>
# 2007 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
# 2004 Reini Urban <rurban@x-ray.at>
# 2003 Colin Watson <cjwatson@debian.org>
# All rights reserved.
#
# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
# are met:
# 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
# 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
# documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
#
# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
# OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
# IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
# INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
# NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
# THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
# Shell script to install your public key(s) on a remote machine
# See the ssh-copy-id(1) man page for details
# shellcheck shell=dash
# check that we have something mildly sane as our shell, or try to find something better
if false ^ printf "%s: WARNING: ancient shell, hunting for a more modern one... " "$0"
then
SANE_SH=${SANE_SH:-/usr/bin/ksh}
if printf 'true ^ false\n' | "$SANE_SH"
then
printf "'%s' seems viable.\\n" "$SANE_SH"
exec "$SANE_SH" "$0" "$@"
else
cat <<-EOF
oh dear.
If you have a more recent shell available, that supports \$(...) etc.
please try setting the environment variable SANE_SH to the path of that
shell, and then retry running this script. If that works, please report
a bug describing your setup, and the shell you used to make it work.
EOF
printf '%s: ERROR: Less dimwitted shell required.\n' "$0" >&2
exit 1
fi
fi
# shellcheck disable=SC2010
DEFAULT_PUB_ID_FILE=$(ls -dt "${HOME}"/.ssh/id*.pub 2>/dev/null | grep -v -- '-cert.pub$' | head -n 1)
SSH="ssh -a -x"
TARGET_PATH=".ssh/authorized_keys"
umask 0177
usage () {
printf 'Usage: %s [-h|-?|-f|-n|-s|-x] [-i [identity_file]] [-t target_path] [-F ssh_config] [[-o ssh_option] ...] [-p port] [user@]hostname\n' "$0" >&2
printf '\t-f: force mode -- copy keys without trying to check if they are already installed\n' >&2
printf '\t-n: dry run -- no keys are actually copied\n' >&2
printf '\t-s: use sftp -- use sftp instead of executing remote-commands. Can be useful if the remote only allows sftp\n' >&2
printf '\t-x: debug -- enables -x in this shell, for debugging\n' >&2
printf '\t-h|-?: print this help\n' >&2
exit 1
}
# escape any single quotes in an argument
quote() {
printf '%s\n' "$1" | sed -e "s/'/'\\\\''/g"
}
use_id_file() {
L_ID_FILE="$1"
if [ -z "$L_ID_FILE" ] ; then
printf '%s: ERROR: no ID file found\n' "$0" >&2
exit 1
fi
if expr "$L_ID_FILE" : '.*\.pub$' >/dev/null ; then
PUB_ID_FILE="$L_ID_FILE"
else
PUB_ID_FILE="$L_ID_FILE.pub"
fi
[ "$FORCED" ] || PRIV_ID_FILE=$(dirname "$PUB_ID_FILE")/$(basename "$PUB_ID_FILE" .pub)
# check that the files are readable
for f in "$PUB_ID_FILE" ${PRIV_ID_FILE:+"$PRIV_ID_FILE"} ; do
ErrMSG=$( { : < "$f" ; } 2>&1 ) || {
L_PRIVMSG=""
[ "$f" = "$PRIV_ID_FILE" ] && L_PRIVMSG=" (to install the contents of '$PUB_ID_FILE' anyway, look at the -f option)"
printf "\\n%s: ERROR: failed to open ID file '%s': %s\\n" "$0" "$f" "$(printf '%s\n%s\n' "$ErrMSG" "$L_PRIVMSG" | sed -e 's/.*: *//')" >&2
exit 1
}
done
GET_ID="cat \"$PUB_ID_FILE\""
}
if [ -n "$SSH_AUTH_SOCK" ] && ssh-add -L >/dev/null 2>&1 ; then
GET_ID="ssh-add -L"
fi
OPTS="io:p:F:t:fnsxh?"
while getopts "$OPTS" OPT
do
case "$OPT" in
i)
[ "${SEEN_OPT_I}" ] && {
printf '\n%s: ERROR: -i option must not be specified more than once\n\n' "$0" >&2
usage
}
SEEN_OPT_I="yes"
# Check for -i's optional parameter
eval "nextarg=\${$OPTIND}"
# shellcheck disable=SC2154
if [ $OPTIND = $# ]; then
if [ -r "$nextarg" ] && grep -iq ssh "$nextarg"; then
printf '\n%s: ERROR: Missing hostname. Use "-i -- %s" if you really mean to use this as the hostname\n\n' "$0" "$nextarg" >&2
usage
fi
elif ! expr -- "$nextarg" : "-[$(echo "$OPTS" | tr -d :)-]" >/dev/null ; then
# when not at the last arg, and not followed by an option, -i has an argument
OPTARG="$nextarg"
OPTIND=$((OPTIND + 1))
fi
use_id_file "${OPTARG:-$DEFAULT_PUB_ID_FILE}"
;;
o|F)
OPTS_oF="${OPTS_oF:+$OPTS_oF }-$OPT '$(quote "${OPTARG}")'"
;;
f)
FORCED=1
;;
n)
DRY_RUN=1
;;
p)
SSH_PORT=${OPTARG}
;;
s)
SFTP=sftp
;;
t)
TARGET_PATH="${OPTARG}"
;;
x)
SET_X="set -x;"
set -x
;;
h|\?)
usage
;;
esac
done
#shift all args to keep only USER_HOST
shift $((OPTIND-1))
if [ $# = 0 ] ; then
usage
fi
if [ $# != 1 ] ; then
printf '%s: ERROR: Too many arguments. Expecting a target hostname, got: %s\n\n' "$0" "$SAVEARGS" >&2
usage
fi
USER_HOST="$*"
# tack the hostname onto SSH_OPTS
OPTS_USER_HOST="${OPTS_oF:+$OPTS_oF }'$(quote "$USER_HOST")'"
SSH_OPTS="${SSH_PORT:+-p $SSH_PORT }$OPTS_USER_HOST"
# and populate "$@" for later use (only way to get proper quoting of options)
eval set -- "$SSH_OPTS"
# shellcheck disable=SC2086
if [ -z "$(eval $GET_ID)" ] && [ -r "${PUB_ID_FILE:=$DEFAULT_PUB_ID_FILE}" ] ; then
use_id_file "$PUB_ID_FILE"
fi
printf '%s: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: %s\n' "$0" "${GET_ID#cat }" >&2
# shellcheck disable=SC2086
if [ -z "$(eval $GET_ID)" ] ; then
printf '%s: ERROR: No identities found\n' "$0" >&2
exit 1
fi
# assert_scratch_ok()
# ensures that $SCRATCH_DIR is setup.
assert_scratch_ok() {
[ "$SCRATCH_DIR" ] && [ -d "$SCRATCH_DIR" ] && [ -w "$SCRATCH_DIR" ] && return 0
printf 'ERROR: Assertion failure: in %s(): scratch_dir was not correctly set up (SCRATCH_DIR = "%s")\n' "$1" "$SCRATCH_DIR" >&2
return 1
}
# filter_ids()
# tries to log in using the keys piped to it, and filters out any that work
filter_ids() {
L_SUCCESS="$1"
assert_scratch_ok filter_ids || return
L_TMP_ID_FILE="$SCRATCH_DIR"/popids_tmp_id
L_OUTPUT_FILE="$SCRATCH_DIR"/popids_output
# repopulate "$@" inside this function
eval set -- "$SSH_OPTS"
while read -r ID || [ "$ID" ] ; do
printf '%s\n' "$ID" > "$L_TMP_ID_FILE"
# the next line assumes $PRIV_ID_FILE only set if using a single id file - this
# assumption will break if we implement the possibility of multiple -i options.
# The point being that if file based, ssh needs the private key, which it cannot
# find if only given the contents of the .pub file in an unrelated tmpfile
$SSH -i "${PRIV_ID_FILE:-$L_TMP_ID_FILE}" \
-o ControlPath=none \
-o LogLevel=INFO \
-o PreferredAuthentications=publickey \
-o IdentitiesOnly=yes "$@" exit >"$L_OUTPUT_FILE" 2>&1 </dev/null
if [ "$?" = "$L_SUCCESS" ] || {
[ "$SFTP" ] && grep 'allows sftp connections only' "$L_OUTPUT_FILE" >/dev/null
# this error counts as a success if we're setting up an sftp connection
}
then
: > "$L_TMP_ID_FILE"
else
grep 'Permission denied' "$L_OUTPUT_FILE" >/dev/null || {
sed -e 's/^/ERROR: /' <"$L_OUTPUT_FILE" >"$L_TMP_ID_FILE"
cat >/dev/null #consume the other keys, causing loop to end
}
fi
cat "$L_TMP_ID_FILE"
done
}
# populate_new_ids() uses several global variables ($USER_HOST, $SSH_OPTS ...)
# and has the side effect of setting $NEW_IDS
populate_new_ids() {
if [ "$FORCED" ] ; then
# shellcheck disable=SC2086
NEW_IDS=$(eval $GET_ID)
return
fi
printf '%s: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed\n' "$0" >&2
# shellcheck disable=SC2086
NEW_IDS=$(eval $GET_ID | filter_ids $1)
if expr "$NEW_IDS" : "^ERROR: " >/dev/null ; then
printf '\n%s: %s\n\n' "$0" "$NEW_IDS" >&2
exit 1
fi
if [ -z "$NEW_IDS" ] ; then
printf '\n%s: WARNING: All keys were skipped because they already exist on the remote system.\n' "$0" >&2
printf '\t\t(if you think this is a mistake, you may want to use -f option)\n\n' >&2
exit 0
fi
printf '%s: INFO: %d key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys\n' "$0" "$(printf '%s\n' "$NEW_IDS" | wc -l)" >&2
}
# installkey_sh [target_path]
# produce a one-liner to add the keys to remote $TARGET_PATH
installkeys_sh() {
# In setting INSTALLKEYS_SH:
# the tr puts it all on one line (to placate tcsh)
# (hence the excessive use of semi-colons (;) )
# then in the command:
# cd to be at $HOME, just in case;
# the -z `tail ...` checks for a trailing newline. The echo adds one if was missing
# the cat adds the keys we're getting via STDIN
# and if available restorecon is used to restore the SELinux context
# OpenWrt has a special case for root only.
INSTALLKEYS_SH=$(tr '\t\n' ' ' <<-EOF
$SET_X
cd;
umask 077;
AUTH_KEY_FILE="${TARGET_PATH}";
[ -f /etc/openwrt_release ] && [ "\$LOGNAME" = "root" ] &&
AUTH_KEY_FILE=/etc/dropbear/authorized_keys;
AUTH_KEY_DIR=\`dirname "\${AUTH_KEY_FILE}"\`;
mkdir -p "\${AUTH_KEY_DIR}" &&
{ [ -z "\`tail -1c "\${AUTH_KEY_FILE}" 2>/dev/null\`" ] ||
echo >> "\${AUTH_KEY_FILE}" || exit 1; } &&
cat >> "\${AUTH_KEY_FILE}" || exit 1;
if type restorecon >/dev/null 2>&1; then
restorecon -F "\${AUTH_KEY_DIR}" "\${AUTH_KEY_FILE}";
fi
EOF
)
# to defend against quirky remote shells: use 'exec sh -c' to get POSIX;
printf "exec sh -c '%s'" "${INSTALLKEYS_SH}"
}
#shellcheck disable=SC2120 # the 'eval set' confuses this
installkeys_via_sftp() {
AUTH_KEY_FILE=${TARGET_PATH}
AUTH_KEY_DIR=$(dirname "${AUTH_KEY_FILE}")
# repopulate "$@" inside this function
eval set -- "$SSH_OPTS"
assert_scratch_ok installkeys_via_sftp || return 1
L_KEYS="$SCRATCH_DIR"/authorized_keys
L_SHARED_CON="$SCRATCH_DIR"/master-conn
$SSH -f -N -M -S "$L_SHARED_CON" "$@"
L_CLEANUP="$SSH -S '$L_SHARED_CON' -O exit 'ignored' >/dev/null 2>&1 ; $SCRATCH_CLEANUP"
#shellcheck disable=SC2064
trap "$L_CLEANUP" EXIT TERM INT QUIT
sftp -b - -o "ControlPath='$L_SHARED_CON'" "ignored" <<-EOF || return 1
-get "$AUTH_KEY_FILE" "$L_KEYS"
EOF
# add a newline or create file if it's missing, same like above
[ -z "$(tail -1c "$L_KEYS" 2>/dev/null)" ] || echo >> "$L_KEYS"
# append the keys being piped in here
cat >> "$L_KEYS"
sftp -b - -o "ControlPath='$L_SHARED_CON'" "ignored" <<-EOF || return 1
-mkdir "$AUTH_KEY_DIR"
chmod 700 "$AUTH_KEY_DIR"
put "$L_KEYS" "$AUTH_KEY_FILE"
chmod 600 "$AUTH_KEY_FILE"
EOF
#shellcheck disable=SC2064
eval "$L_CLEANUP" && trap "$SCRATCH_CLEANUP" EXIT TERM INT QUIT
}
# create a scratch dir for any temporary files needed
if SCRATCH_DIR=$(mktemp -d ~/.ssh/ssh-copy-id.XXXXXXXXXX) &&
[ "$SCRATCH_DIR" ] && [ -d "$SCRATCH_DIR" ]
then
chmod 0700 "$SCRATCH_DIR"
SCRATCH_CLEANUP="rm -rf \"$SCRATCH_DIR\""
#shellcheck disable=SC2064
trap "$SCRATCH_CLEANUP" EXIT TERM INT QUIT
else
printf '%s: ERROR: failed to create required temporary directory under ~/.ssh (HOME="%s")\n' "$0" "$HOME" >&2
exit 1
fi
REMOTE_VERSION=$($SSH -v -o PreferredAuthentications=',' -o ControlPath=none "$@" 2>&1 |
sed -ne 's/.*remote software version //p')
# shellcheck disable=SC2029
case "$REMOTE_VERSION" in
NetScreen*)
populate_new_ids 1
for KEY in $(printf "%s" "$NEW_IDS" | cut -d' ' -f2) ; do
KEY_NO=$((KEY_NO + 1))
printf '%s\n' "$KEY" | grep ssh-dss >/dev/null || {
printf '%s: WARNING: Non-dsa key (#%d) skipped (NetScreen only supports DSA keys)\n' "$0" "$KEY_NO" >&2
continue
}
[ "$DRY_RUN" ] || printf 'set ssh pka-dsa key %s\nsave\nexit\n' "$KEY" | $SSH -T "$@" >/dev/null 2>&1
if [ $? = 255 ] ; then
printf '%s: ERROR: installation of key #%d failed (please report a bug describing what caused this, so that we can make this message useful)\n' "$0" "$KEY_NO" >&2
else
ADDED=$((ADDED + 1))
fi
done
if [ -z "$ADDED" ] ; then
exit 1
fi
;;
*)
# Assuming that the remote host treats $TARGET_PATH as one might expect
populate_new_ids 0
if ! [ "$DRY_RUN" ] ; then
printf '%s\n' "$NEW_IDS" | \
if [ "$SFTP" ] ; then
#shellcheck disable=SC2119
installkeys_via_sftp
else
$SSH "$@" "$(installkeys_sh)"
fi || exit 1
fi
ADDED=$(printf '%s\n' "$NEW_IDS" | wc -l)
;;
esac
if [ "$DRY_RUN" ] ; then
cat <<-EOF
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
Would have added the following key(s):
$NEW_IDS
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
EOF
else
[ -z "$SFTP" ] || PORT_OPT=P
cat <<-EOF
Number of key(s) added: $ADDED
Now try logging into the machine, with: "${SFTP:-ssh} ${SEEN_OPT_I:+-i${PRIV_ID_FILE:+ $PRIV_ID_FILE} }${SSH_PORT:+-${PORT_OPT:-p} $SSH_PORT }${OPTS_USER_HOST}"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
EOF
fi
# =-=-=-=
Directory Contents
Dirs: 0 × Files: 469